Diagnosis of diseases

A) Diagnosis of diseases caused by protozoa and helminthes

The monoclonal antibodies and genetic material probes are being used as very insightful tools in biotechnology to make out the diseases caused by protozoa and helminthes. Monoclonal antibodies can be used through serological tests which takes single minutes as compared to square methods which require approximately weeks as the bacteria and viruses be inflicted with to be educated e.G. In Herpes virus.

The genetic material probes are more insightful than monoclonal antibodies and the process takes hours as a replacement for of weeks. Readymade genetic material probes pro Herpes virus and other creature, creature and sow viruses are being prepared. Probes are currently unfilled pro a digit of creature bedbugs from the assemble protozoa and helminthes.

B) Diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) using monoclonal antibodies

The occurrence of sexually transmitted disease has dead up in contemporary years both in urban as well as rising countries. Some of the pathogens causing these diseases are- Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Herpes simplex virus and that. The square methods pro the diagnosis of these diseases are infinitesimal examination, culture method, Immunological method, and measurement of antibody.

The aid of monoclonal antibody has been very effectual in the diagnosis of these diseases. The cell hybrids are prepared using hybridoma equipment and screening of cell shape is made through replica plating practice. Hybrid cells are placed in a 96-well microtest plate. Minute sample of culture fluid from all well is placed on replica plates followed by impregnation of all well with a point antigen. The immune result is detected through radio-immunoassay in which 125I-labelled protein A (which binds to Fc protein of creature IgG in the immune complex) is added to all well and at that time examined by autoradiography. The clear reactions can be traced to first wells and the cell line at that time multiplied pro production of point monoclonal antibodies. Using this practice, monoclonal antibodies may possibly be prepared with the intention of would distinguish linking the uncommon pathogens causing STDs.

C)Antenatal diagnosis of ingrained diseases.

If here is a opportunity of giving birth to a baby with ingrained defects at that time it could be wanted to make out the condition of the foetus all through gestation. This can be made by extracting approximately cells from the foetus by drawing a hardly any milliliters of amniotic fluid with the help of nozzle needle. The emancipated cells of the foetal origin from the amniotic fluid can be educated and tested pro karyotype analysis, enzyme production, and restriction fragment analysis of it’s genetic material, to detect one irregularity.

It is doable to identify a disease with in two months of pregnancy as compared to 18 weeks cycle vital earlier. The digit of disease point genetic material probes is furthermore increasing by a fast rate which will additional help in antenatal diagnosis.